﻿{"id":3913,"date":"2013-10-17T15:30:51","date_gmt":"2013-10-17T06:30:51","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/?p=3913"},"modified":"2017-04-27T16:03:33","modified_gmt":"2017-04-27T07:03:33","slug":"post-3913","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/?p=3913","title":{"rendered":"\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u8a55\u4fa1\u6cd5\u306ec-index\u3092EXCEL VBA\u3067\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"theContentWrap-ccc\"><p>\u3000\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u9069\u5408\u5ea6\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u8d64\u6c60\u60c5\u5831\u91cf\u57fa\u6e96 (AIC) \u3092\u7528\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\uff0cHarrell \u3089\u306e\u63d0\u5531\u3059\u308b c-index \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6307\u6a19\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff0ec \u7d71\u8a08\u5024\u3068\u3082\u8a00\u3044\uff0c\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\uff08\u53c8\u306f\u5927\u304d\u3044\uff09\u75c7\u4f8b\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u304c\u9577\u3044\u3053\u3068\u304c\u5b9f\u969b\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u3067\u3069\u308c\u304f\u3089\u3044\u306e\u78ba\u7387\u3067\u6b63\u3057\u3044\u304b\u3092\u793a\u3059\u5024\u3067\u3059\uff0e\u65b9\u6cd5\u306f\u5f8c\u8ff0\u3057\u307e\u3059\u304c\uff0cAIC \u3068\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b\u3068\u73fe\u5728\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306b\u5bfe\u3059\u308b\u9069\u5408\u5ea6\u306e\u307f\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u3066\u304a\u308a\uff0c\u672a\u6765\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306e\u4e88\u6e2c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3078\u306e\u8003\u616e\u304c\u306a\u3044\u3088\u3046\u306b\u601d\u3048\u307e\u3059\uff0e\u305d\u306e\u610f\u5473\u3067 overfitting \u306e\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u304c\u3042\u308b\u8a55\u4fa1\u6cd5\u3068\u8a00\u3048\u306a\u304f\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u305b\u3093\uff0e<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\u6bd4\u4f8b\u30cf\u30b6\u30fc\u30c9\u89e3\u6790\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u75c7\u4f8b\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u5168\u3066\u306e\u30da\u30a2\u3092\u4f5c\u308b<\/li>\n<li>\u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u3092\u8abf\u3079\u308b<\/li>\n<li>\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u5927\u5c0f\u304a\u3088\u3073\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u306e\u9577\u77ed\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b<\/li>\n<li>c-index \u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>1. \u6bd4\u4f8b\u30cf\u30b6\u30fc\u30c9\u89e3\u6790\u5bfe\u8c61\u3068\u306a\u3063\u305f\u75c7\u4f8b\u304b\u3089\uff0c\u5168\u3066\u306e\u30da\u30a2\uff082\u75c7\u4f8b\u305a\u3064\u306e\u7d44\u307f\u5408\u308f\u305b\uff09\u3092\u4f5c\u308b<\/h3>\n<p>\u3000\u30b5\u30f3\u30d7\u30eb\u30b5\u30a4\u30ba\u3092 N \u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u5168\u3066\u306e\u30da\u30a2\u6570\u306f\u4e0b\u5f0f\u3067\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n<p><img src='https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cdisplaystyle+_%7BN%7DC_%7B2%7D+%3D+%5Cfrac%7BN%21%7D%7B%28N-2%29%212%21%7D&#038;bg=T&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='\\displaystyle _{N}C_{2} = \\frac{N!}{(N-2)!2!}' title='\\displaystyle _{N}C_{2} = \\frac{N!}{(N-2)!2!}' class='latex' \/><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u4e0a\u306b\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u304c\u3042\u308b\u3068\u3057\u3066\uff0c1\u884c\u304c1\u75c7\u4f8b\u3068\u3059\u308b\u3068\uff0c\u5168\u3066\u306e\u884c\u304b\u3089\u4efb\u610f\u306e2\u884c\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u51fa\u3059\u30b3\u30fc\u30c9\u306f\u4e0b\u8a18\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff0e\u30ef\u30fc\u30af\u30b7\u30fc\u30c8\u306e\u69cb\u9020\u304c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u3067\u3042\u308b\u3068\u4eee\u5b9a\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>1 \u884c\u76ee\u306f\u30bf\u30a4\u30c8\u30eb\u884c\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff0e<\/li>\n<li>A \u5217\u306f\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\uff0c B \u5217\u306f\u8ee2\u5e30\uff0cC \u5217\u306f\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb 1 \u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\uff0cD \u5217\u306f\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb 2 \u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\uff0cE \u5217\u306f\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb 3 \u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u3092\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\uff0e<\/li>\n<li>\u5168\u3066\u306e\u30c7\u30fc\u30bf\u306f\u6570\u5024\u578b\u3067\u3042\u308b\uff0e<\/li>\n<li>B \u5217\u3067\u6b7b\u4ea1\u306f 0, \u6253\u5207\u306f 1 \u3068\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\uff0e<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:true lang:vb decode:true\">Option Explicit\r\n\r\nSub C_Statistics()\r\n    Dim i   As Long\r\n    Dim j   As Long\r\n    Dim k   As Long\r\n    Dim Rng As Range\r\n    Dim Ar  As Variant\r\n    k = 0\r\n    Set Rng = ActiveSheet.UsedRange\r\n    Set Rng = Rng.Resize(Rng.Rows.Count - 1).Offset(1)\r\n    Ar = Rng\r\n    For i = LBound(Ar) To UBound(Ar) - 1\r\n        For j = i + 1 To UBound(Ar)\r\n            k = k + 1\r\n        Next j\r\n    Next i\r\n    Debug.Print \"k= \" & k\r\nEnd Sub\r\n<\/pre>\n<h3>2. \u305d\u308c\u3089\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u3092\u8abf\u3079\u308b<\/h3>\n<p>\u3000\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2 (R) \u306f\u4e0b\u5f0f\u3067\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\u307e\u3059\uff0e\u4e88\u5f8c\u3092\u898f\u5b9a\u3059\u308b\u3068\u3044\u3046\u610f\u5473\u3067\u4e88\u5f8c\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2 prognostic score \u3068\u3082\u8a00\u3044\u307e\u3059\uff0e&beta; \u306f\u56de\u5e30\u4fc2\u6570\uff0cX \u306f\u5171\u5909\u91cf\u3067\u3059\uff0eR<sub>0<\/sub> \u306f\u5168\u75c7\u4f8b\u306e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u5e73\u5747\u5024\u3067\u3059\uff0eS<sub>0<\/sub>(t) \u306f\u30d9\u30fc\u30b9\u30e9\u30a4\u30f3\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u5168\u3066\u306e\u8aac\u660e\u5909\u6570\u304c\u57fa\u6e96\u5024\u3067\u3042\u308b\u5834\u5408\u306e\u5404\u6642\u70b9 t \u3067\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u7387\u3067\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n<p><img src='https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cdisplaystyle+R+%3D+%5Cbeta_1+X_1+%2B+%5Cbeta_2+X_2+%2B+%5Ccdots+%2B+%5Cbeta_n+X_n&#038;bg=T&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='\\displaystyle R = \\beta_1 X_1 + \\beta_2 X_2 + \\cdots + \\beta_n X_n' title='\\displaystyle R = \\beta_1 X_1 + \\beta_2 X_2 + \\cdots + \\beta_n X_n' class='latex' \/><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p><img src='https:\/\/s0.wp.com\/latex.php?latex=%5Cdisplaystyle+S%28t%2C+X%29+%3D+S_0%28t%29%5E%7B%5Cexp%28R-R_0%29%7D&#038;bg=T&#038;fg=000000&#038;s=0' alt='\\displaystyle S(t, X) = S_0(t)^{\\exp(R-R_0)}' title='\\displaystyle S(t, X) = S_0(t)^{\\exp(R-R_0)}' class='latex' \/><\/p>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u3000COX \u6bd4\u4f8b\u30cf\u30b6\u30fc\u30c9\u5206\u6790\u3067\u306f\u52b9\u679c\u91cf\u306e\u70b9\u63a8\u5b9a\u5024\u306f\u30cf\u30b6\u30fc\u30c9\u6bd4 (Exp(&Beta;)) \u3068\u3057\u3066\u8868\u73fe\u3055\u308c\uff0c\u5171\u5909\u91cf\u306e\u56de\u5e30\u4fc2\u6570\u306f\u30cf\u30b6\u30fc\u30c9\u6bd4\u306e\u5bfe\u6570 (LN(Exp(&Beta;)) = &Beta;) \u3068\u3057\u3066\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u5171\u5909\u91cf\u306b\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u56de\u5e30\u4fc2\u6570\u3092\u304b\u3051\u305f\u7a4d\u306e\u548c\u304c\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u3067\u3059\uff0e\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u65e2\u306b\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u8a08\u7b97\u306f\u7d42\u308f\u3063\u3066\u3044\u308b\u3082\u306e\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n<h3>3. \u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u5927\u5c0f\u304a\u3088\u3073\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u306e\u9577\u77ed\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3059\u308b<\/h3>\n<p>\u3000\u3053\u3053\u3067\u91cd\u8981\u306a\u70b9\u306f\u300c2 \u75c7\u4f8b\u3068\u3082\u6253\u5207\u4f8b\uff0c\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u7247\u65b9\u304c\u6253\u5207\u3067\u6253\u5207\u307e\u3067\u306e\u671f\u9593\u304c\u3088\u308a\u77ed\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306f\u4e0d\u660e\u306b\u5206\u985e\u3055\u308c\u308b\u300d\u3068\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u3092\u6761\u4ef6\u5f0f\u306b\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u65b9\u6cd5\u3067\u3059\uff0e\u3053\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u306f\u6b21\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u8a00\u3044\u63db\u3048\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u4e21\u8005\u3068\u3082\u6b7b\u4ea1\u306e\u30da\u30a2\u3092\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u308b<\/li>\n<li>\u4e00\u65b9\u304c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u306e\u5834\u5408\uff0c\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4f8b\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u304c\u6253\u5207\u4f8b\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u3088\u308a\u77ed\u3044\u306a\u3089\u53d7\u3051\u5165\u308c\u308b<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\u3000\u3053\u308c\u3092 VBA \u3067\u8868\u73fe\u3059\u308b\u3068\u4ee5\u4e0b\u306e\u3088\u3046\u306b\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff0e2 \u884c\u76ee\u3068 4 \u884c\u76ee\u306e Case \u5f0f\u306f\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u4e0a\u8ff0\u3057\u305f\u6761\u4ef6\u5f0f\u306b\u8a72\u5f53\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e5 \u884c\u76ee\u306f\u4e0a\u8ff0\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u306e\u5f8c\u8005\u3092\u8868\u73fe\u3057\u305f\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3042\u308a\uff0c\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u306e\u5dee\u3068\u8ee2\u5e30\u306e\u5dee\u3068\u306e\u7a4d\u3092\u53d6\u308a\uff0c\u7b26\u53f7\u304c\u8ca0\u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u62d2\u5426\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e\u53c2\u7167\u66f8\u7c4d\u306e\u8a18\u8ff0\u306b\u3088\u308b\u3068\u300e\u6253\u5207\u4f8b\u306e\u6253\u5207\u307e\u3067\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u304c\u540c\u3058\u5024\u304b\u3042\u308b\u3044\u306f\u77ed\u3044\u5834\u5408\u306b\u306f\u3069\u3061\u3089\u306e\u751f\u5b58\u304c\u9577\u3044\u304b\u306f\u5224\u65ad\u3059\u308b\u3053\u3068\u304c\u3067\u304d\u306a\u3044\u300f\u3068\u306e\u3053\u3068\u3067\u3059\u306e\u3067\uff0c\u7b49\u53f7\u306f\u5916\u3059\u3053\u3068\u3068\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:true lang:vb decode:true\">\r\n            Select Case Ar(i, 2) + Ar(j, 2)\r\n            Case 0\r\n                k = k + 1\r\n            Case 1\r\n                If (Ar(i, 1) - Ar(j, 1)) * (Ar(i, 2) - Ar(j, 2)) > 0 Then\r\n                    k = k + 1\r\n                End If\r\n            End Select\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u3000\u3055\u3089\u306b\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u3068\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u3068\u3092\u6bd4\u8f03\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u5dee\u3068\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u306e\u5dee\u3068\u306e\u7a4d\u306e\u7b26\u53f7\u3092\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u5927\u5c0f\u3068\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u306e\u9577\u77ed\u3068\u304c\u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\u5426\u304b\u3092\uff0c\u5dee\u306e\u7a4d\u306e\u7b26\u53f7\u306b\u7f6e\u304d\u63db\u3048\u3066\u3044\u308b\u8a33\u3067\u3059\uff0e\u6700\u521d\u306b\u300e\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\uff08\u53c8\u306f\u5927\u304d\u3044\uff09\u75c7\u4f8b\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u304c\u9577\u3044\u3053\u3068\u300f\u3068\u8ff0\u3079\u307e\u3057\u305f\u304c\uff0c\u8aac\u660e\u5909\u6570\u306e\u8a2d\u5b9a\u306b\u3088\u3063\u3066\u5404\u5909\u6570\u306e\u4fc2\u6570\u306e\u6b63\u8ca0\u3092\u9006\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\uff0c\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u5927\u5c0f\u3092\u9006\u8ee2\u3055\u305b\u308b\u3053\u3068\u3082\u53ef\u80fd\u3067\u3059\uff0e\u3053\u3053\u3067\u306f\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u304c\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\u307b\u3069\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u304c\u9577\u3044\u3068\u3044\u3046\u524d\u63d0\u3067\u8a71\u3092\u9032\u3081\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n<pre class=\"toolbar-overlay:true lang:vb decode:true\">Option Explicit\r\n\r\nSub C_Statistics()\r\n    Dim i   As Long\r\n    Dim j   As Long\r\n    Dim k   As Long\r\n    Dim n1  As Long\r\n    Dim n2  As Long\r\n    Dim n3  As Long\r\n    Dim Rng As Range\r\n    Dim Ar  As Variant\r\n    \r\n    k = 0\r\n    n1 = 0\r\n    n2 = 0\r\n    n3 = 0\r\n    Set Rng = ActiveSheet.UsedRange\r\n    Set Rng = Rng.Resize(Rng.Rows.Count - 1).Offset(1)\r\n    Ar = Rng\r\n    For i = LBound(Ar) To UBound(Ar) - 1\r\n        For j = i + 1 To UBound(Ar)\r\n            Select Case Ar(i, 2) + Ar(j, 2)\r\n            Case 0\r\n                If (Ar(i, 1) - Ar(j, 1)) * (Ar(i, 3) - Ar(j, 3)) < 0 Then\r\n                    n1 = n1 + 1\r\n                End If\r\n                If (Ar(i, 1) - Ar(j, 1)) * (Ar(i, 4) - Ar(j, 4)) < 0 Then\r\n                    n2 = n2 + 1\r\n                End If\r\n                If (Ar(i, 1) - Ar(j, 1)) * (Ar(i, 5) - Ar(j, 5)) < 0 Then\r\n                    n3 = n3 + 1\r\n                End If\r\n                k = k + 1\r\n            Case 1\r\n                If (Ar(i, 1) - Ar(j, 1)) * (Ar(i, 2) - Ar(j, 2)) > 0 Then\r\n                    If (Ar(i, 1) - Ar(j, 1)) * (Ar(i, 3) - Ar(j, 3)) < 0 Then\r\n                        n1 = n1 + 1\r\n                    End If\r\n                    If (Ar(i, 1) - Ar(j, 1)) * (Ar(i, 4) - Ar(j, 4)) < 0 Then\r\n                        n2 = n2 + 1\r\n                    End If\r\n                    If (Ar(i, 1) - Ar(j, 1)) * (Ar(i, 5) - Ar(j, 5)) < 0 Then\r\n                        n3 = n3 + 1\r\n                    End If\r\n                    k = k + 1\r\n                End If\r\n            End Select\r\n        Next j\r\n    Next i\r\n    Debug.Print \"n1= \" &#038; n1, \"n2= \" &#038; n2, \"n3= \" &#038; n3, \"k= \" &#038; k\r\n    Debug.Print \"C1= \" &#038; n1 \/ k, \"C2= \" &#038; n2 \/ k, \"C3= \" &#038; n3 \/ k\r\nEnd Sub\r\n<\/pre>\n<p>\u300035 \u884c\u76ee\u306e\u6761\u4ef6\u5f0f\u306e\u7b26\u53f7\u306f\u6253\u5207\u304c 1, \u6b7b\u4ea1\u304c 0 \u306e\u969b\u306e\u3082\u306e\u3067\u3059\uff0e\u6253\u5207\u304c 0,\u3000\u6b7b\u4ea1\u304c 1 \u306a\u3089\u7b26\u53f7\u306f\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e\u540c\u69d8\u306b\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u304c\u5927\u304d\u3044\u307b\u3069\u751f\u5b58\u671f\u9593\u304c\u9577\u3044\u306a\u3089 24, 27, 30, 36, 39, 42 \u884c\u76ee\u306e\u7b26\u53f7\u306f\u9006\u8ee2\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n<h3>4. c-index \u3092\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b<\/h3>\n<\/p>\n<p>\u3000\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u3068\u751f\u5b58\u306e\u95a2\u4fc2\u304c  (1) \u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u308b\u304b\uff0c(2) \u4e00\u81f4\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u304b\uff0c(3) \u4e0d\u660e\u304b\u3067\u7d50\u679c\u3092\u5834\u5408\u5206\u3051\u3057\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u500b\u6570\u3092\u30ab\u30a6\u30f3\u30c8\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e(1)\/((1)+(2)) \u306e\u6bd4\u7387\u304c c-index \u3067\u3059\uff0e\u4e0a\u8a18\u3067\u306f n1\/k, n2\/k, n3\/k \u304c\u305d\u308c\u305e\u308c\u306e\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e c-index \u3068\u306a\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff0ec-index \u306f 0 \u304b\u3089 1 \u307e\u3067\u306e\u5024\u3092\u53d6\u308a\u307e\u3059\u304c\uff0c0.5 \u306e\u5834\u5408\u306f\u5168\u304f\u9069\u5408\u3057\u3066\u3044\u306a\u3044\u3068\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e0 \u307e\u305f\u306f 1 \u306b\u8fd1\u3044\u307b\u3069\u9069\u5408\u304c\u826f\u3044\u3068\u8a55\u4fa1\u3057\u307e\u3059\uff0e<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>Draw a pair of patients and determine which patient lived longer from his baseline evaluation. Survival times can be validly compared either when both patients have died, or when one has died and the other's followup time has exceeded the survival time of the first. If both patients are still alive, which will live longer is not known, and that pair of patients is not used in the analysis. Otherwise, it can be determined whether the patient with the higher prognostic score (ie, the weighted combination of baseline and test variables used to predict survival) also had the longer survival time. The process is repeated until all possible pairs of patients have been examined. Of the pairs of patients for which the ordering of survival time s could be\u3000inferred, the fraction of pairs such that the patient with the higher score had the longer survival time will be denoted by c.<\/p>\n<p>The index c estimates the probability that, of two randomly chosen patients, the patient with the higher prognostic score will outlive the patient with the lower prognostic score. Values of c near .5 indicate that the prognostic score is no better than a coin-flip in determining which patient will live longer. Values of c near 0 or 1 indicate the baseline data virtually always determine which patient has a better prognosis. The c index measures a probability; many clinicians are more used to dealing with a correlation index that ranges from -1 to +1. A Kendall or Goodman-Kruskal type of correlation index can easily be constructed by calculating &gamma; = 2(c - .5), where &gamma; is the estimated probability that the prognostic score correctly orders prognosis for a pair of patients minus the probability that it incorrectly orders prognosis. When the prognostic score is unrelated to survival time, gamma is zero. When gamma = .5, the relationship between the prognostic score and survival time is halfway between a random relationship and a perfect relationship, and the corresponding c value is .75.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\u53c2\u7167\uff1a<br \/>\n<a href=\"\/\/jama.jamanetwork.com\/article.aspx?articleid=372568\" title=\"JAMA. 1982;247(18):2543-2546\" target=\"_blank\">Frank E. Harrell Jr, et al: Evaluating the Yield of Medical Tests. JAMA. 1982; 247 (18): 2543 - 2546<\/a><br \/>\n<a href=\"\/\/www.imic.or.jp\/member\/files\/2013\/03\/IMIC_v29_3.pdf\" title=\"\u56fd\u969b\u533b\u5b66\u60c5\u5831\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\" target=\"_blank\">\u68ee\u5be6\u654f\u592b\uff1a\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\uff0c\u3042\u3044\u307f\u3063\u304f\uff0c2008; 29 (3): 8 - 12\uff08\u56fd\u969b\u533b\u5b66\u60c5\u5831\u30bb\u30f3\u30bf\u30fc\uff09<\/a><br \/>\n<iframe src=\"\/\/rcm-fe.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/cm?lt1=_blank&#038;bc1=000000&#038;IS2=1&#038;bg1=FFFFFF&#038;fc1=000000&#038;lc1=0000FF&#038;t=fujiitoshiki-22&#038;o=9&#038;p=8&#038;l=as4&#038;m=amazon&#038;f=ifr&#038;ref=ss_til&#038;asins=4489006810\" style=\"width:120px;height:240px;\" scrolling=\"no\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><iframe src=\"\/\/rcm-fe.amazon-adsystem.com\/e\/cm?lt1=_blank&#038;bc1=000000&#038;IS2=1&#038;bg1=FFFFFF&#038;fc1=000000&#038;lc1=0000FF&#038;t=fujiitoshiki-22&#038;o=9&#038;p=8&#038;l=as4&#038;m=amazon&#038;f=ifr&#038;ref=ss_til&#038;asins=479736761X\" style=\"width:120px;height:240px;\" scrolling=\"no\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" frameborder=\"0\"><\/iframe><\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u3000\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u306e\u9069\u5408\u5ea6\u306e\u8a55\u4fa1\u65b9\u6cd5\u306b\u306f\u901a\u5e38\u8d64\u6c60\u60c5\u5831\u91cf\u57fa\u6e96 (AIC) \u3092\u7528\u3044\u307e\u3059\u304c\uff0cHarrell \u3089\u306e\u63d0\u5531\u3059\u308b c-index \u3068\u3044\u3046\u6307\u6a19\u3082\u3042\u308a\u307e\u3059\uff0ec \u7d71\u8a08\u5024\u3068\u3082\u8a00\u3044\uff0c\u30ea\u30b9\u30af\u30b9\u30b3\u30a2\u306e\u5c0f\u3055\u3044\uff08\u53c8\u306f\u5927\u304d\u3044\uff09\u75c7\u4f8b\u306e\u65b9\u304c\u751f\u5b58\u671f &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/?p=3913\" class=\"more-link\"><span class=\"screen-reader-text\">&#8220;\u591a\u5909\u91cf\u30e2\u30c7\u30eb\u8a55\u4fa1\u6cd5\u306ec-index\u3092EXCEL VBA\u3067\u8a08\u7b97\u3059\u308b&#8221; \u306e<\/span>\u7d9a\u304d\u3092\u8aad\u3080<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6026,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_crdt_document":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[6,7],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-3913","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-excel","category-statistics"],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3913","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=3913"}],"version-history":[{"count":68,"href":"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3913\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3985,"href":"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3913\/revisions\/3985"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6026"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=3913"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=3913"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.fujiitoshiki.com\/improvesociety\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=3913"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}